What is methane gas
Methane is a gas that is often found in the Earth's atmosphere. It’s odourless and colourless, but it can be flammable.
But how is it made? It’s produced when organic matter decomposes without oxygen. This process happens in landfills, wetlands, and coal mines. However, it can also be produced by cows and other animals that digest food.
Methane isn’t poisonous. But it can be dangerous if it builds up in an enclosed space. When methane mixes with air, it can create an explosion hazard. That's why it's important to detect methane leaks early.
There are a few different ways to detect methane leaks. One method is to use a flame ionisation detector (FID). This device measures the amount of methane in the air by igniting a small flame inside the detector. The methane in the air reacts with the oxygen in the flame, creating ions that are detected by an electrode.
Another common method for detecting methane leaks is called infrared absorption spectroscopy (IRAS). This technique uses infrared light to identify molecules of methane in the air. A sensor detects how much light is absorbed by the methane molecules and uses that information to calculate the concentration of methane in the air.
Methane leak monitoring
Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas and the main component of natural gas. A methane leak can have significant environmental impacts, so it's important to be able to detect and monitor them.
There are a few different ways to detect methane leaks. One common method is using a sniffer, which is a device that can detect methane in the air. Sniffers are often used along pipelines to detect leaks.
Another way to detect methane leaks is through Infrared cameras. These cameras can pick up on the heat signature of methane, making it possible to see where there may be a leak.
Once a methane leak has been detected, it's important to then monitor the leak to see how much methane is being released into the atmosphere. This can be done with sensors that measure the concentration of methane in the air.
Reducing methane emissions
Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas, and reducing methane emissions is critical to slowing climate change. There are a number of ways to detect and repair methane leaks, and it’s important to choose the right solution for your needs.
Infrared cameras can be used to detect methane leaks, and they’re often used in combination with other tools like pressure sensors or acoustic detectors. Leak detection can also be done with ground-penetrating radar, which can locate underground pipelines and tanks. Once a leak is detected, it can be repaired with a variety of methods, including patching, sealing, or capping.
The importance of methane leak detection
Leaks of methane from natural gas production can have a significant impact on climate change. Natural gas is composed of methane, but also includes other gases like ethane and propane. Having a leak detector is important, as a leak can occur at any stage in the natural gas production process. From drilling and hydraulic fracturing (fracking) to transport and storage. Methane leak detection is therefore an important part of natural gas operations, in order to minimise methane emissions.
There are a variety of methods that can be used to detect methane leaks, including ground-based sensors, aircraft-based sensors, and satellite-based sensors. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and choosing the right methane leak detection method depends on the specific circumstances.
- Ground-based sensors – are usually the most cost-effective option for detecting methane leaks, but they can only cover a limited area.
- Aircraft-based sensors – can cover a larger area but are more expensive.
- Satellite-based sensors – can cover very large areas but are the most expensive option.
Why monitor and analyse the gas going to the flare?
Countries that follow or have to comply with EPA regulations, must report and record this detail. Specifically, the requirement is that the flare has to operate at 1000 `C, and three gasses CH4, O2 and CO2 are continuously monitored. The flare will operate at a minimum of 20% CH4, anything below this, there there will be an issue with the flare staying alight.
What benefits will I get?
Compliance with EPA regulations and ensuring appropriate quality of gas to the flare. Monitoring will ensure the flare stays alight.
How do I do it?
Operators opt for fixed in line systems that measure continuously on a single sample point. These systems connect via industry standard protocols to the operators control systems housed on site.
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